EV yapita patsogolo kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.Kuchokera ku 2017 mpaka 2022. maulendo oyendayenda awonjezeka kuchokera ku 212 makilomita mpaka makilomita 500, ndipo maulendo oyendayenda akuwonjezeka, ndipo zitsanzo zina zimatha kufika makilomita 1,000.Maulendo apamadzi odzaza mokwanira amatanthauza kulola mphamvu kutsika kuchokera ku 100% mpaka 0%, koma amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito batire yamagetsi pamalire sikwabwino.
Kodi mtengo wabwino kwambiri wa EV ndi uti?Kodi kulipiritsa kwathunthu kuwononga batire?Kumbali ina, kodi kukhetsa kwathunthu batire ndikoyipa kwa batire?Njira yabwino yopangira batire yagalimoto yamagetsi ndi iti?
1. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutengere batire lamphamvu mokwanira
Mabatire amagetsi amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito ma cell a lithiamu-ion.Monga zida zina zogwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu, monga mafoni am'manja ndi laputopu, kulipira ku 100% kumatha kusiya batire m'malo osakhazikika, zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri SOC (State of Charge) kapena kuyambitsa kulephera koopsa.Batire yamphamvu ya pa bolodi ikangoperekedwa ndikutulutsidwa, ma ion a lithiamu sangathe kuphatikizidwa ndikudziunjikira padoko lolipiritsa kuti apange ma dendrites.Chinthuchi chimatha kuboola mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi kupanga kagawo kakang'ono, komwe kumapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ingoyaka yokha.Mwamwayi, zolephereka zoopsa ndizosowa kwambiri, koma zimatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa batri.Ma ion a lithiamu akakumana ndi zochitika zam'mbali mu electrolyte zomwe zimayambitsa kutayika kwa lithiamu, amachoka pamayendedwe otulutsa.Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa cha kutentha kwapamwamba komwe kumapangidwa ndi mphamvu yosungidwa ikaperekedwa ku mphamvu yomaliza.Chifukwa chake, kuchulukirachulukira kungayambitse kusintha kosasinthika mu kapangidwe ka ma elekitirodi abwino a batri komanso kuwonongeka kwa ma electrolyte, kufupikitsa moyo wautumiki wa batri.Kulipiritsa nthawi ndi nthawi kwa galimoto yamagetsi ku 100% sikungabweretse mavuto omwe akuwonekera, chifukwa zochitika zapadera sizingapewe kulipiritsa galimotoyo.Komabe, ngati batire ya galimotoyo ili ndi mlandu kwa nthawi yayitali komanso pafupipafupi, mavuto adzabuka.
2. Kaya zowonetsedwa 100% ndizokwanira
Opanga ma automaker ena apanga zoteteza zotchingira za EV kuti zisunge SOC yathanzi kwanthawi yayitali momwe angathere.Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene dashboard ya galimoto ikuwonetsa 100 peresenti ya malipiro, sikufika malire omwe angakhudze thanzi la batri.Kukhazikitsa uku, kapena kupondereza, kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mabatire, ndipo opanga ma automaker ambiri amatha kutengera kapangidwe kameneka kuti galimotoyo ikhale yabwino kwambiri.
3. Pewani kutulutsa kwambiri
Nthawi zambiri, kutulutsa batire mosalekeza kupitilira 50% ya mphamvu yake kumachepetsa kuchuluka komwe kukuyembekezeka kwa batire.Mwachitsanzo, kulipiritsa batire ku 100% ndikuyitulutsa pansi pa 50% kudzafupikitsa moyo wake, ndipo kulipiritsa ku 80% ndikuyitulutsa pansi pa 30% kudzafupikitsanso moyo wake.Kodi kuya kwa DOD (Kuzama kwa Kutulutsa) kumakhudza bwanji moyo wa batri?Batire yoyendetsedwa mpaka 50% DOD idzakhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo ka 4 kuposa batire yoyendetsedwa mpaka 100% DOD.Popeza mabatire a EV pafupifupi samatulutsidwa kwathunthu - poganizira chitetezo cha buffer, kwenikweni zotsatira za kutulutsa kwakuya zitha kukhala zochepa, koma ndizofunikira.
4. Momwe mungalimbitsire magalimoto amagetsi ndikutalikitsa moyo wa batri
1) Samalani nthawi yolipiritsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kuyitanitsa pang'onopang'ono Njira zolipiritsa zamagalimoto amphamvu zatsopano zimagawidwa kukhala kuthamangitsa mwachangu komanso pang'onopang'ono.Kuchapira pang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri kumatenga maola 8 mpaka 10, pomwe kulipiritsa mwachangu kumatenga theka la ola kuti muwononge 80% yamagetsi, ndipo imatha kulipiritsidwa pakangotha maola awiri.Komabe, kuyitanitsa mwachangu kudzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu komanso mphamvu, zomwe zitha kukhudza kwambiri batire paketi.Ngati kulipiritsa mwachangu, kungayambitsenso mphamvu ya batri, yomwe ingachepetse moyo wa batri yamagetsi pakapita nthawi, ndiye ikadali chisankho choyamba nthawi ikaloleza.Njira yolipirira pang'onopang'ono.Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi yolipira sikuyenera kukhala yayitali, apo ayi zingayambitse kuchulukitsitsa ndikupangitsa kuti batire yagalimoto itenthe.
2) Samalirani mphamvu mukamayendetsa ndikupewa kutulutsa kwambiri Magalimoto amphamvu atsopano nthawi zambiri amakukumbutsani kuti mulipirire mwachangu pomwe mphamvu yotsalayo ndi 20% mpaka 30%.Ngati mupitiriza kuyendetsa galimoto panthawiyi, batri idzatulutsidwa kwambiri, zomwe zidzafupikitsa moyo wa batri.Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yotsala ya batri ikatsika, iyenera kuyimbidwa munthawi yake.
3) Mukasunga kwa nthawi yayitali, musalole kuti batire iwononge mphamvu Ngati galimotoyo iyenera kuyimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, onetsetsani kuti musalole kuti batire iwonongeke.Batire imakonda kukhala ndi sulfation pakuwonongeka kwa mphamvu, ndipo makhiristo otsogolera sulphate amamatira ku mbale, yomwe imatsekereza njira ya ion, kupangitsa kuti pakhale kutsika kokwanira, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri.Choncho, magalimoto oyendetsa magetsi atsopano ayenera kulipiritsidwa mokwanira pamene ayimitsidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.Ndibwino kuti azilipira nthawi zonse kuti batire ikhale yathanzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-12-2023