Pamene kutentha kwa chilimwe kukupitirira kukwera, eni ake a galimoto yamagetsi angayambe kuganizira za nkhani yofunika kwambiri:Njira zodzitetezera ku EV pakatentha. Kutentha kwakukulu sikumangokhudza chitonthozo chathu komanso kumabweretsa zovuta pakugwira ntchito kwa batri la EV ndi chitetezo cholipiritsa. Kumvetsetsa momwe mungakulitsire bwino galimoto yanu yamagetsi pakatentha ndikofunikira kuti muteteze batri yagalimoto yanu, kuyitalikitsa moyo wake, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulipiritsa bwino. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za momwe kutentha kumayendera pamagalimoto amagetsi ndikukupatsirani njira zingapo zothandiza komanso upangiri wa akatswiri pakulipiritsa nthawi yachilimwe, kukuthandizani kuyenda m'chilimwe chotentha ndi mtendere wamumtima.
Kodi Kutentha Kwakukulu Kumakhudza Bwanji Mabatire a EV Ndi Kuthamanga Mwachangu?
Pakatikati pagalimoto yamagetsi ndi paketi yake ya batri ya lithiamu-ion. Mabatirewa amagwira bwino ntchito pa kutentha kwapadera, nthawi zambiri pakati pa 20∘C ndi 25∘C. Kutentha kozungulira kukakwera, makamaka kupitirira 35∘C, mphamvu ya electrochemical mkati mwa batire imakhudzidwa kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza momwe imagwirira ntchito, nthawi ya moyo wake, komanso kakulitsidwe.
Choyamba, kutentha kwambiri kumathandizira kuwononga mankhwala mkati mwa batri. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti batire ichepe kosatha, komwe kumadziwika kuti kuwonongeka kwa batri. Kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali kutentha kwakukulu pakulipiritsa kungayambitse electrolyte mkati mwa batire kuti awola, kupanga passivation wosanjikiza zomwe zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa ayoni a lithiamu, potero kuchepetsa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito batire ndi mphamvu.
Kachiwiri, kutentha kwambiri kumawonjezera kukana kwa batri mkati. Kuwonjezeka kwa kukana kwamkati kumatanthauza kuti batri imapanga kutentha kwambiri panthawi yolipiritsa kapena kutulutsa. Izi zimapanga chizungulire choyipa: kutentha kwakukulu kozungulira kumabweretsa kutentha kwa batri, komwe kumawonjezera kukana kwamkati ndi kutulutsa kutentha, komwe kumatha kuyambitsaBattery Management System (BMS)ndondomeko ya chitetezo.
TheBMSndi 'ubongo' wa batri la EV, lomwe limayang'anira mphamvu ya batri, yapano, komanso kutentha kwake. Pamene aBMSimazindikira kuti kutentha kwa batri ndikwambiri, kuteteza batire kuti lisawonongeke, imachepetsa mphamvu yothamangitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono. Muzochitika zovuta kwambiri,BMSikhoza kuyimitsanso mpaka kutentha kwa batire kutsika mpaka pamalo otetezeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'chilimwe chotentha, mutha kupeza kuti kulipiritsa kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi zonse, kapena kuthamanga kwake sikukwaniritsa zomwe mukuyembekezera.
Gome ili pansipa likufanizira mwachidule magwiridwe antchito a batri pamatenthedwe abwino komanso kutentha kwambiri:
| Mbali | Kutentha Kwabwino (20∘C−25∘C) | Kutentha Kwambiri (>35∘C) |
| Mphamvu ya Battery | Kukhazikika, kuchepa pang'onopang'ono | Kuwonongeka kofulumira, kuchepetsa mphamvu |
| Kukaniza Kwamkati | Pansi | Kuwonjezeka, kutentha kwambiri kumapanga |
| Kuthamanga Kwambiri | Yachibadwa, yothandiza | BMSmalire, kulipiritsa kumachedwetsa kapena kuyimitsa |
| Moyo wa Battery | Kutalikirapo | Kufupikitsidwa |
| Mphamvu Zotembenuza Mphamvu | Wapamwamba | Zachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kutentha kwa kutentha" |
Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zolipiritsa Ma EV M'chilimwe
Kuti muonetsetse kuti galimoto yanu yamagetsi imalipira bwino komanso moyenera ngakhale nyengo yotentha, m'pofunika kutsatira njira zabwinozi.
Kusankha Malo Oyenera Kulipiritsa ndi Nthawi
Kusankhidwa kwa malo opangira ndalama kumakhudza kwambiri kutentha kwa batri.
•Yang'anani pakulipiritsa m'malo okhala ndi mithunzi:Ngati n'kotheka, limbani EV yanu m'galaja, malo oimikapo magalimoto mobisa, kapena pansi pa denga. Pewani kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali mgalimoto yanu komanso poyikira polowera dzuwa. Dzuwa lachindunji limatha kukweza kwambiri kutentha kwa batri ndi zida zolipiritsa, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwamafuta.
•Kulipiritsa usiku kapena m'mawa:Kutentha kumakwera kwambiri masana, makamaka masana. Sankhani kutchaja kutentha kukakhala kotsika, monga usiku kapena m'bandakucha. Ma EV ambiri amathandizira kulipiritsa kokhazikika, kukulolani kuti muyike galimotoyo kuti iyambe kulitcha nthawi yozizira komanso yopanda mphamvu. Izi sizimangoteteza batire koma zimathanso kukupulumutsirani ndalama pamabilu amagetsi.
•Tetezani malo anu ochapira:Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito poyatsira pakhomo, ganizirani kukhazikitsa chotchingira chadzuwa kapena kuchiyika pamalo amthunzi. Malo ochapira okha amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zingakhudze momwe amagwirira ntchito kapena kuyambitsa chitetezo chambiri.
Kukometsa Zizolowezi Zochapira Zaumoyo wa Battery
Kuwongolera kolondola ndikofunikira pakukulitsa moyo wa batri yanu ya EV.
•Khalanibe ndi 20% -80% yolipiritsa:Yesetsani kupewa kulipiritsa (100%) kapena kuchotseratu (0%) batire lanu. Kusunga mulingo wapakati pakati pa 20% ndi 80% kumathandizira kuchepetsa kupsinjika pa batri ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka, makamaka m'malo otentha.
•Pewani kulipiritsa nthawi yomwe batire yatentha:Ngati EV yanu yangokhala pagalimoto yayitali kapena kuwunikira dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kutentha kwa batri kumatha kukhala kokwera. Sikoyenera kuti muyambe kutchaja mwamphamvu kwambiri panthawiyi. Siyani galimotoyo kuti ipume kwakanthawi, ndikulola kutentha kwa batri kutsika mwachilengedwe musanayipitse.
•Lingalirani kugwiritsa ntchito Kuyitanitsa Pang'onopang'ono: Poyerekeza ndi kuyitanitsa kwa DC mwachangu, kuyitanitsa pang'onopang'ono kwa AC (Level 1 kapena Level 2) kumapangitsa kutentha pang'ono. M'nyengo yotentha, ngati nthawi ilola, ikani patsogoloKuyitanitsa Pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimathandiza batire nthawi yochulukirapo kuti iwononge kutentha, potero kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa batire.
•Yang'anani kuthamanga kwa tayala nthawi zonse:Matayala opanda mpweya amawonjezera kukangana ndi msewu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa batri ndi kutentha kwamagetsi. M'nyengo yotentha, kuthamanga kwa matayala kumatha kusintha chifukwa cha kukwera kwa kutentha, choncho kuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndi kusunga mphamvu ya tayala yoyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito In-Car Smart Systems for Temperature Management
Magalimoto amakono amagetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kasamalidwe ka batri kapamwamba komanso mawonekedwe a kabati. Kugwiritsa ntchito izi kumatha kuthana ndi kutentha kwambiri.
•Ntchito ya preconditioning:Ma EV ambiri amathandizira kuyatsa chiwongolero cha mpweya pakuthawira kuziziritsa kanyumba ndi batire. Mphindi 15 mpaka 30 musananyamuke, yambitsani zoyambira pagalimoto yanu kapena pulogalamu yam'manja. Mwanjira iyi, mphamvu ya AC idzachokera ku gridi m'malo mwa batri, kukulolani kuti mulowe mu kanyumba kozizira ndikuonetsetsa kuti batire ikuyamba kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kwake koyenera, motero kupulumutsa mphamvu ya batri panthawi yoyendetsa galimoto.
•Kuzizira kwakutali:Ngakhale simuli m'galimoto, mutha kuyatsa zoziziritsa ndikutali kudzera pa pulogalamu yanu yam'manja kuti muchepetse kutentha kwamkati. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pamagalimoto oyimitsidwa padzuwa kwanthawi yayitali.
•KumvetsetsaBMS(Kayendetsedwe ka Battery):EV yanu yomangidwaBMSndiye woyang'anira chitetezo cha batri. Imayang'anitsitsa thanzi la batri komanso kutentha kwake. Pamene kutentha kwa batri kukakwera kwambiri,BMSadzangochitapo kanthu, monga kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kulipiritsa kapena kuyambitsa makina ozizirira. Dziwani momwe galimoto yanu ililiBMSimagwira ntchito ndi kulabadira mauthenga aliwonse ochenjeza kuchokera mgalimoto yanu.
•Yambitsani Chitetezo cha Kutentha Kwambiri kwa Cabin:Ma EV ambiri amapereka gawo la "Cabin Overheat Protection" lomwe limangoyatsa zimakupiza kapena AC kuti ziziziziritsa kanyumbako pamene kutentha kwamkati kumaposa mtengo wokhazikitsidwa. Izi zimathandiza kuteteza zamagetsi m'galimoto ndi batri ku kuwonongeka kwa kutentha.
Njira Zotentha Kwambiri za Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Yolipiritsa
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolipiritsa imachita mosiyana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, komwe kumafunikira njira zosiyanasiyana.
| Mtundu Wolipira | Mphamvu Range | Makhalidwe Apamwamba Kutentha | Njira |
| Level 1 (AC Slow Charging) | 1.4-2.4kW | Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono, kutentha pang'ono, kukhudzidwa kochepa pa batire. | Zoyenera kwambiri pakuchapira tsiku lililonse m'chilimwe, makamaka usiku kapena galimoto itayimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Pafupifupi palibe nkhawa zina za kutenthedwa kwa batire. |
| Level 2 (AC Slow Charging) | 3.3-19.2kW | Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono, kumapangitsa kutentha pang'ono kusiyana ndi kuthamangitsa mofulumira, monga momwe zimakhalira potengera nyumba. | Komabe njira yolipirira tsiku ndi tsiku yovomerezeka m'chilimwe. Kulipiritsa m'malo okhala ndi mithunzi kapena usiku ndikothandiza kwambiri. Ngati galimotoyo ili ndi preconditioning ntchito, akhoza yambitsa pa kulipiritsa. |
| Kuthamanga Kwachangu kwa DC (DC Fast Charging) | 50kW-350kW+ | Kuthamanga kothamanga kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri komwe kumapangidwa,BMSkuchepetsa liwiro ndikofala kwambiri. | Yesetsani kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yotentha kwambiri masana. Ngati mukuyenera kuyigwiritsa ntchito, sankhani malo ochapira okhala ndi ma awnings kapena okhala m'nyumba. Musanayambe kulipiritsa mwachangu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendera yagalimotoyo kukonza njira yanu, kuperekaBMSnthawi yokonzekera kutentha kwa batri kuti ikhale yabwino. Samalani kusintha kwa mphamvu yolipirira galimoto; ngati muwona kutsika kwakukulu kwa liwiro la kulipiritsa, ikhoza kukhalaBMSkuchepetsa liwiro kuteteza batri." |
Malingaliro Olakwika Odziwika ndi Malangizo a Akatswiri
Pankhani yolipira magalimoto amagetsi m'chilimwe, pali malingaliro olakwika omwe amapezeka. Kumvetsetsa izi ndikumvera malangizo a akatswiri ndikofunikira.
Maganizo Olakwika Odziwika
•Lingaliro lolakwika 1: Mutha kusala kudya mosasamala pakatentha kwambiri.
•Kukonza:Kutentha kwakukulu kumawonjezera kukana kwa batri mkati ndi kupanga kutentha. Kuchangitsa kwamphamvu pafupipafupi kapena kwanthawi yayitali m'malo otentha kumatha kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa batri ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa chitetezo chambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa kusokoneza kwa kulipiritsa.
•Lingaliro lolakwika lachiwiri: Ndibwino kuyitanitsa batire ikatentha.
•Kukonza:Galimoto ikatha kutentha kwambiri kapena kuyendetsedwa kwambiri, kutentha kwa batire kumatha kukhala kokwera kwambiri. Kulipiritsa nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera kupsinjika kwa batri. Muyenera kuyisiya galimotoyo kuti ipume kwakanthawi, ndikulola kutentha kwa batri kutsika mwachilengedwe musanayipire.
•Maganizo olakwika 3: Kuchapira pafupipafupi mpaka 100% ndikobwino kwa batire.
•Kukonza:Mabatire a lithiamu-ion amakumana ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu mkati ndi ntchito akakhala pafupi ndi 100% odzaza kapena 0% opanda kanthu. Kusunga madera ovutawa kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka kutentha kwambiri, kumatha kuthamangitsa mphamvu ya batri.
Malangizo a Katswiri
• Tsatirani Malangizo Opanga:Makhalidwe a batri ndiBMSnjira za galimoto iliyonse yamagetsi zimatha kusiyana pang'ono. Nthawi zonse fufuzani buku la eni galimoto yanu kuti mudziwe zambiri zomwe mungakonde komanso zoletsa zokhudzana ndi kutentha kwambiri kuchokera kwa wopanga.
•Samalirani Mauthenga Ochenjeza Pagalimoto:Dashboard ya EV yanu kapena chowonetsera chapakati chikhoza kuwonetsa machenjezo a kutentha kwa batire lapamwamba kapena zovuta zacharge. Ngati zidziwitso zoterezi zikuwonekera, muyenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo kulipiritsa kapena kuyendetsa galimoto ndikutsatira malangizo agalimoto.
•Yang'anani Zozizira Nthawi Zonse:Ma batire ambiri a EV amakhala ndi makina ozizirira amadzimadzi. Kuwona nthawi zonse mulingo wozizirira komanso mtundu wake kumawonetsetsa kuti kuziziritsa kumatha kugwira ntchito bwino, zomwe ndizofunikira pakuwongolera kutentha kwa batri.
•Gwiritsani ntchito Data popanga zisankho:Ngati pulogalamu yagalimoto yanu kapena pulogalamu yapagulu ina imapereka kutentha kwa batri kapena data yamphamvu yochajitsa, phunzirani kumasulira izi. Mukawona kutentha kwa batri nthawi zonse kapena kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi, sinthani njira yanu yolipirira moyenerera.
EV Charging Station High-Temperature Guide and Maintenance Guide
Kupitirira kuyang'ana pa galimoto yamagetsi yokha, kutetezedwa ndi kukonzanso kwa malo opangira ndalama pa kutentha kwakukulu sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
•Chitetezo Pamalo Olipiritsa Panyumba (EVSE):
•Mthunzi:Ngati nyumba yanu yochapira yayikidwa panja, lingalirani kukhazikitsa zotchingira zadzuwa kapena denga kuti muteteze ku dzuwa.
• Mpweya wabwino:Onetsetsani kuti pali mpweya wabwino wozungulira potengera potengera kuti kutentha kusakhale kochuluka.
•Kuyendera pafupipafupi:Nthawi ndi nthawi yang'anani mutu wamfuti ndi chingwe chomwe chikuliritsa kuti muwone ngati chikuwotcha, kusinthika, kapena kuwonongeka. Kulumikizana kotayirira kungayambitsenso kukana komanso kutulutsa kutentha.
•Malingaliro a Malo Olipirira Anthu Onse:
• Malo ambiri ochapira anthu, makamaka ochapira mwachangu, ali ndi makina ozizirira kuti azitha kupirira kutentha kwambiri. Komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenerabe kuyika patsogolo malo ochapira okhala ndi zovundikira pamwamba kapena omwe ali m'malo oimikapo magalimoto amkati.
•Masiteshoni ena ochajila atha kuchepetsa mphamvu zochajila panthawi yotentha kwambiri. Izi ndikuteteza zida ndi chitetezo chagalimoto, kotero chonde mvetsetsani ndikugwirizana.
Kutentha kwambiri kwa ummer kumabweretsa zovuta pamabatire agalimoto yamagetsi komanso njira yolipirira. Komabe, potenga zoyeneraNjira zodzitetezera ku EV pakatentha, mutha kuteteza galimoto yanu moyenera, kuwonetsetsa kuti batire ili ndi thanzi, komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wolipira bwino. Kumbukirani, kusankha nthawi yoyenera yolipiritsa ndi malo, kukhathamiritsa momwe mumalipiritsa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida zagalimoto yanu zonse ndizofunika kwambiri kuti galimoto yanu yamagetsi ikuyenda bwino m'chilimwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-31-2025