Ndi kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu kwa magalimoto amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi (EVs), chitukuko cha zomangamanga zolipiritsa chakhala chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani. Panopa,SAE J1772ndiCCS (Combined Charging System)ndi miyeso iwiri yolipirira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku North America ndi Europe. Nkhaniyi ikupereka kufananitsa mozama kwa miyezoyi, kusanthula mitundu yawo yolipiritsa, kugwirizana, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndi zochitika zamtsogolo kuti athandize ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha njira yoyenera yolipirira pazosowa zawo.
1. Kodi CCS Charging ndi chiyani?
CCS (Combined Charging System)ndi mulingo wosunthika wa EV womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku North America ndi Europe. Imathandizira zonse ziwiriAC (Alternating Current)ndiDC (Direct Current)kulipira kudzera pa cholumikizira chimodzi, chopereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Cholumikizira cha CCS chimaphatikiza zikhomo zojambulira za AC (monga J1772 ku North America kapena Type 2 ku Europe) ndi ma pini awiri owonjezera a DC, kupangitsa kuti kuyitanitsa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa AC ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa DC kuthamangitsa doko lomwelo.
Ubwino wa CCS:
• Kulipiritsa kogwiritsa ntchito zambiri:Imathandizira pa AC ndi DC kulipiritsa, koyenera kulipiritsa kunyumba ndi pagulu.
• Kuchapira Mwachangu:Kuchapira mwachangu kwa DC kumatha kulipiritsa batire mpaka 80% mkati mwa mphindi 30, kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yolipiritsa.
• Kulera Ana Kwambiri:Amatengedwa ndi opanga ma automaker ndikuphatikizidwa mu kuchuluka kwa malo opangira anthu ambiri.
Malinga ndi European Automobile Manufacturers 'Association (ACEA), pofika 2024, oposa 70% a malo opangira ndalama ku Europe amathandizira CCS, ndipo anthu amafikira 90% m'maiko ngati Germany, France, ndi Netherlands. Kuphatikiza apo, deta yochokera ku US Department of Energy (DOE) ikuwonetsa kuti CCS imakhala ndi ma network opitilira 60% ku North America, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale mulingo wokondeka wamaulendo apamsewu waukulu ndi maulendo ataliatali.
2. Ndi Magalimoto Ati Amene Amathandizira Kulipiritsa kwa CCS?
Mtengo CCSwakhala mulingo wotsogola kwambiri ku North America ndi Europe, mothandizidwa ndi magalimoto monga:
•Volkswagen ID.4
• BMW i4 ndi iX mndandanda
• Ford Mustang Mach-E
• Hyundai Ioniq 5
• Kia EV6
Magalimotowa amagwirizana ndi maukonde ambiri othamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimapatsa mwayi woyenda mtunda wautali.
Malinga ndi European Association for Electromobility (AVERE), kupitilira 80% ya ma EV ogulitsidwa ku Europe mu 2024 amathandizira CCS. Mwachitsanzo, Volkswagen ID.4, EV yogulitsidwa kwambiri ku Europe, ndiyamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa chogwirizana ndi CCS. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wa American Automobile Association (AAA) akuwonetsa kuti eni ake a Ford Mustang Mach-E ndi Hyundai Ioniq 5 amayamikira kwambiri kutha kwa CCS kulipiritsa mwachangu.
3. Kodi J1772 Charging ndi chiyani?
SAE J1772ndi muyezoAC (Alternating Current)cholumikizira cholipiritsa ku North America, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiriGawo 1 (120V)ndiGawo 2 (240V)kulipiritsa. Yopangidwa ndi Society ofAkatswiri Oyendetsa Magalimoto (SAE),imagwirizana ndi pafupifupi ma EV onse ndi magalimoto amagetsi osakanizidwa (PHEVs) ogulitsidwa ku North America.
Zithunzi za J1772
• Kulipiritsa kwa AC Kokha:Oyenera kulipira pang'onopang'ono kunyumba kapena kuntchito.
• Kugwirizana Kwambiri:Mothandizidwa ndi pafupifupi ma EV ndi ma PHEV onse ku North America.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pakhomo ndi Pagulu:Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyitanira kunyumba komanso malo opangira ma AC.
Malinga ndi US Department ofMphamvu (DOE), Pa 90% ya malo opangira nyumba ku North America amagwiritsa ntchito J1772 kuyambira 2024. Eni ake a Tesla akhoza kulipira magalimoto awo pazigawo zambiri za AC pogwiritsira ntchito adaputala J1772. Kuphatikiza apo, lipoti la Electric Mobility Canada likuwonetsa kudalira kwakukulu kwa J1772 ndi eni ake a Nissan Leaf ndi Chevrolet Bolt EV pakulipiritsa tsiku lililonse.
4. Ndi Magalimoto Ati Amathandizira J1772 Kulipiritsa?
AmbiriEVsndiPHEVsku North America ali ndi zidaZogwirizana ndi J1772, kuphatikizapo:
• Mitundu ya Tesla (yokhala ndi adaputala)
• Nissan Leaf
• Chevrolet Bolt EV
• Toyota Prius Prime (PHEV)
Kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa J1772 kumapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamiyezo yodziwika bwino ku North America.
Malinga ndi US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), kupitilira 95% ya ma EV ogulitsidwa ku North America mu 2024 kuthandizira J1772. Tesla amagwiritsa ntchito ma adapter a J1772 amalola magalimoto ake kulipiritsa pafupifupi masiteshoni onse a AC. Kuonjezera apo, kafukufuku wa Electric Mobility Canada amasonyeza kuti eni ake a Nissan Leaf ndi Chevrolet Bolt EV amayamikira kwambiri kugwirizanitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kwa J1772.
5. Kusiyana Kwakukulu Pakati pa CCS ndi J1772
Posankha mulingo wolipiritsa, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuganizirakuthamanga liwiro, kugwilizana, ndi milandu yogwiritsira ntchito. Nazi kusiyana kwakukulu:
a. Mtundu Wolipira
Mtengo CCS: Imathandizira onse AC (Level 1 ndi 2) ndi DC kuthamanga mwachangu (Level 3), ndikupereka njira yolipirira yosunthika mu cholumikizira chimodzi.
J1772: Imathandizira kuyitanitsa kwa AC kokha, koyenera kukwera kwa Level 1 (120V) ndi Level 2 (240V).
b. Kuthamanga Kwambiri
Mtengo CCS: Amapereka kuthamanga kwachangu komanso kuthamanga kwa DC, nthawi zambiri kumafika mpaka 80% pamalipiro amphindi 20-40 pamagalimoto omwe amagwirizana.
J1772: Zochepera pa liwiro la AC; charger ya Level 2 imatha kuyitanitsa ma EV ambiri mkati mwa maola 4-8.
c. Cholumikizira Design
Mtengo CCS: Zimaphatikiza zikhomo za J1772 AC ndi zikhomo ziwiri zowonjezera za DC, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zazikulu pang'ono kusiyana ndi cholumikizira cha J1772 koma kulola kusinthasintha kwakukulu.
J1772: Cholumikizira chophatikizika kwambiri chomwe chimathandizira kulipiritsa kwa AC kokha.
d. Kugwirizana
Mtengo CCS: Imagwirizana ndi ma EV opangira ma AC ndi DC kulipiritsa, makamaka opindulitsa pamaulendo ataliatali omwe amafuna kuyimitsa mwachangu.
J1772: Imagwirizana padziko lonse ndi ma EV onse aku North America ndi ma PHEV pakulipiritsa ma AC, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo othamangitsira kunyumba ndi ma charger amtundu wa AC.
e. Kugwiritsa ntchito
Mtengo CCS: Ndioyenera kuthamangitsa kunyumba komanso kuthamanga kwambiri popita, oyenera ma EV omwe amafunikira kuthamangitsa mwachangu.
J1772: Zokwanira pakulipiritsa kunyumba kapena kuntchito, zabwino kwambiri pakulipiritsa usiku wonse kapena zoikamo pomwe kuthamanga sikofunikira kwambiri.
Zithunzi za SAE J1772
CCS cholumikizira Pinouts
6. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
1.Kodi ma charger a CCS angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto a J1772 okha?
Ayi, magalimoto a J1772-okha sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito CCS pa DC kulipira mwachangu, koma amatha kugwiritsa ntchito madoko opangira AC pa charger za CCS.
2.Kodi ma charger a CCS amapezeka kwambiri pamalo othamangitsira anthu?
Inde, ma charger a CCS akuchulukirachulukira m'maukonde akuluakulu aku North America ndi Europe.
3.Kodi magalimoto a Tesla amathandizira CCS kapena J1772?
Magalimoto a Tesla amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma charger a J1772 okhala ndi adaputala, ndipo mitundu ina imathandiziranso kulipira CCS mwachangu.
4.Chimene chiri mofulumira: CCS kapena J1772?
CCS imathandizira kulipiritsa mwachangu kwa DC, komwe kumathamanga kwambiri kuposa kulipira kwa J1772's AC.
5.Kodi kuthekera kwa CCS ndikofunikira pogula EV yatsopano?
Ngati nthawi zambiri mumayenda maulendo ataliatali, CCS imapindulitsa kwambiri. Paulendo waufupi ndi kulipiritsa kunyumba, J1772 ikhoza kukhala yokwanira.
6.Kodi kulipiritsa mphamvu ya J1772 charger ndi chiyani?
Ma charger a J1772 nthawi zambiri amathandizira Level 1 (120V, 1.4-1.9 kW) ndi Level 2 (240V, 3.3-19.2 kW) kulipira.
7.Kodi mphamvu yolipiritsa ya charger ya CCS ndi iti?
Ma charger a CCS nthawi zambiri amathandizira milingo yamagetsi kuyambira 50 kW mpaka 350 kW, kutengera malo opangira ndi galimoto.
8.Kodi mtengo woyika ma charger a J1772 ndi CCS ndi chiyani?
Ma charger a J1772 nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika mtengo kukhazikitsa, amawononga pafupifupi 300−700, pomwe ma charger a CCS, omwe amathandizira kulipiritsa mwachangu, amawononga pakati pa 1000ndi5000.
9.Kodi zolumikizira za CCS ndi J1772 zimagwirizana?
Gawo lolipiritsa la AC la cholumikizira cha CCS limagwirizana ndi J1772, koma gawo lolipiritsa la DC limagwira ntchito ndi magalimoto ogwirizana ndi CCS.
10.Kodi milingo yolipiritsa ya EV idzalumikizana mtsogolomu?
Pakalipano, miyezo monga CCS ndi CHAdeMO imakhalapo, koma CCS ikudziwika mofulumira ku Ulaya ndi North America, zomwe zikhoza kukhala zomwe zimakonda kwambiri.
7.Future Trends ndi Malangizo Ogwiritsa Ntchito
Pamene msika wa EV ukukulirakulira, kukhazikitsidwa kwa CCS kukuchulukirachulukira, makamaka paulendo wautali komanso kulipiritsa anthu. Komabe, J1772 ikadali muyeso womwe umakonda pakulipiritsa kunyumba chifukwa chogwirizana ndi kutsika mtengo. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amayenda mtunda wautali pafupipafupi, kusankha galimoto yokhala ndi luso la CCS ndikofunikira. Kwa iwo omwe amayendetsa m'matauni, J1772 ndi yokwanira pa zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Malinga ndi International Energy Agency (IEA), umwini wa EV padziko lonse lapansi ukuyembekezeka kufika 245 miliyoni pofika 2030, pomwe CCS ndi J1772 zikupitilizabe kukhala miyezo yayikulu. Mwachitsanzo, Europe ikukonzekera kukulitsa netiweki ya CCS yolipiritsa mpaka masiteshoni 1 miliyoni pofika 2025 kuti ikwaniritse kufunikira kwa EV. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi US Department of Energy (DOE) akuwonetsa kuti J1772 izikhala ndi msika wopitilira 80% wamisika yolipiritsa nyumba, makamaka m'malo atsopano okhalamo komanso malo opangira anthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-31-2024