Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kusinthika kwa protocol ya OCPP, kukweza kuchokera ku 1.5 kupita ku 2.0.1, kuwonetsa kusintha kwa chitetezo, kulipira mwanzeru, zowonjezera zowonjezera, ndi kuphweka kwa code mu mtundu wa 2.0.1, komanso udindo wake waukulu pa kulipiritsa galimoto yamagetsi. .
I. Kuyamba kwa OCPP Protocol
Dzina lonse la OCPP ndi Open Charge Point Protocol, yomwe ndi ndondomeko yaulere komanso yotseguka yopangidwa ndi OCA (Open Charge Alliance), bungwe lokhala ku Netherlands. Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) ndi njira yolumikizirana yolumikizana pakati pa CS ndi Charging Station Management System (CSMS) iliyonse. Kapangidwe ka protocol kameneka kamathandizira kulumikizana kwa kasamalidwe kapakati ka woperekera chithandizo chapakati ndi malo onse othamangitsira, ndipo cholinga chake chinali kuthana ndi zovuta zoyankhulirana zomwe zimachitika pama network opangira chinsinsi.OCPP imathandizira kasamalidwe ka kulumikizana pakati pa malo othamangitsira ndi kasamalidwe kapakati. aliyense wopereka. OCPP imathandizira kulumikizana pakati pa malo olipira ndi dongosolo lapakati la wopereka aliyense. Zimasintha chikhalidwe chotsekedwa cha maukonde opangira anthu payekha, zomwe zadzetsa mavuto kwa eni eni ambiri a EV ndi oyang'anira nyumba, ndipo zachititsa kuti anthu ambiri aziyimba chitsanzo chotseguka pamakampani onse.
Ubwino wa protocol ya OCPP
Yotsegula & yaulere kugwiritsa ntchito
Imaletsa kutseka kwa wopereka m'modzi (pulatifomu yolipirira)
Imachepetsa nthawi yophatikizira / khama komanso nkhani za IT
1, Mbiri ya OCPP
2. Chiyambi cha mtundu wa OCPP
Monga tawonetsera pansipa, kuchokera ku OCPP1.5 mpaka OCPP2.0.1 yaposachedwa
Chifukwa chakuti pali ma protocol ambiri omwe ali nawo mumakampani kuti athe kuthandizira chidziwitso chogwirizana chautumiki ndi kugwirizanitsa ntchito pakati pa mautumiki osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito, OCA inatsogolera pakupanga ndondomeko yotseguka ya OCPP1.5. SOAP ili ndi malire ndi zoletsa zake za protocol ndipo sizingatchulidwe mofala komanso mwachangu.
OCPP 1.5 imalumikizana ndi machitidwe apakati kudzera pa protocol ya SOAP yotengera HTTP protocol kuti igwiritse ntchito malo othamangitsira Imathandizira izi: Zochita zakomweko komanso zoyambira patali, kuphatikiza metering of billing
(3) OCPP1.6 (SOAP/JSON)
Mtundu wa OCPP1.6, adalowa nawo kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtundu wa JSON, ndikuwonjezera kukulitsa kwacharge yanzeru. Mtundu wa JSON uli kudzera mukulankhulana kwa WebSocket, ukhoza kukhala pamalo aliwonse a netiweki kutumizana wina ndi mnzake, ma protocol omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika ndi mtundu wa 1.6J, chithandizo cha ma websockets protocol-based JSON data format kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa data (JSON, websockets data yochokera ku protocol ya JSON kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa data).
Imathandizira ma data amtundu wa JSON potengera ma protocol a websockets kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa data (JSON, JavaScript Object Representation, ndi mtundu wosinthira data wopepuka) ndipo imalola kugwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki omwe sagwirizana ndi njira zapaketi zolipirira (monga intaneti yapagulu). Kulipiritsa kwanzeru: kusungitsa katundu, kuyitanitsa kwanzeru pakati ndi kulipiritsa kwanzeru kwanuko. Lolani malo ochapira kuti atumizenso zomwe akudziwa (kutengera zomwe zili pakalipano), monga mtengo womaliza wa metered kapena momwe politsira.
(4) OCPP 2.0 (JSON)
OCPP 2.0, yomwe idatulutsidwa mu 2018, imapangitsa kuti ntchito zitheke, zimawonjezera chitetezo, kasamalidwe ka zida: imawonjezera magwiridwe antchito anzeru, ma topologies okhala ndi kasamalidwe ka mphamvu (EMS), owongolera am'deralo, ndi ma EV okhala ndi ma charger ophatikizika anzeru, malo opangira ma charger ndi makina owongolera masiteshoni. . Imathandizira ISO 15118: Plug and Play ndi Smart Charging pamagalimoto amagetsi.
(5) OCPP 2.0.1 (JSON)
OCPP 2.0.1 ndi mtundu waposachedwa, womwe unatulutsidwa mu 2020. Umapereka zinthu zatsopano ndi zosintha monga kuthandizira ISO15118 (Pulogalamu ndi Sewero), chitetezo chowonjezereka ndi ntchito yabwino yonse.
3. Kugwirizana kwa Mtundu wa OCPP
OCPP1.x n'zogwirizana ndi otsika Mabaibulo, OCPP1.6 n'zogwirizana ndi OCPP1.5, OCPP1.5 n'zogwirizana ndi OCPP1.2.
OCPP2.0.1 sagwirizana ndi OCPP1.6, OCPP2.0.1 ngakhale kuti zina za OCPP1.6 zilinso, koma mawonekedwe a data frame anali osiyana kwambiri ndi omwe anatumizidwa.
Chachiwiri, OCPP 2.0.1 protocol
1, Kusiyana pakati pa OCPP 2.0.1 ndi OCPP 1.6
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu yakale monga OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0. 1 ili ndi kusintha kwakukulu m'magawo otsatirawa:
a. Kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo
OCPP2.0.1 ndi chitetezo chowumitsidwa poyambitsa maulumikizidwe a HTTPS kutengera Secure Sockets Layer ndi dongosolo latsopano loyang'anira satifiketi kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha kulumikizana.
b.Kuwonjezera Zatsopano
OCPP2.0.1 imawonjezera zinthu zambiri zatsopano, kuphatikiza kuyang'anira kulipiritsa mwanzeru, komanso kufotokozera zolakwika ndi kusanthula.
c. More Flexible Design
OCPP2.0.1 idapangidwa kuti ikhale yosinthika kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zazovuta komanso zosiyanasiyana.
d. Kusintha kwa Code
OCPP2.0.1 imathandizira kachidindo, kupangitsa kuti pulogalamuyo ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Kusintha kwa firmware kwa OCPP2.0.1 kwawonjezera siginecha ya digito, kuteteza kutsitsa kwa fimuweya sikukwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kulephera kwa firmware.
Pogwiritsa ntchito, protocol ya OCPP2.0.1 ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira kulamulira kwakutali kwa mulu wolipiritsa, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ya momwe akulipiritsa, kutsimikizira kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ndi ntchito zina, zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zolipiritsa, kuchita bwino ndi chitetezo.OCPP2.0.1 zambiri ndi ntchito kuposa mtundu wa 1.6 wa ambiri, kukula kwazovuta kwakulanso.
2, OCPP2.0.1 chiyambi cha ntchito
OCPP 2.0.1 protocol ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa protocol ya OCPP. Poyerekeza ndi OCPP 1.6, protocol ya OCPP 2.0.1 yasintha kwambiri komanso kukhathamiritsa. Zomwe zili mkati zikuphatikizapo:
Kutumiza Mauthenga: OCP 2.0.1 imawonjezera mitundu yatsopano ya mauthenga ndikusintha mawonekedwe akale a mauthenga kuti azigwira bwino ntchito.
Zikalata Zapa digito: Mu OPC 2.0.1, njira zotetezedwa zozikidwa pa satifiketi ya digito zidayambitsidwa kuti zipereke kutsimikizika kwa chipangizo cholimba komanso kuteteza kukhulupirika kwa uthenga. Uku ndikuwongolera kwakukulu kuposa njira zachitetezo za OCPP1.6.
Chitsanzo cha Data: OPC 2.0.1 imasintha mtundu wa data kuti uphatikizepo chithandizo chamitundu yatsopano yazida ndi mawonekedwe.
Kasamalidwe ka Chipangizo: OPC 2.0.1 imapereka ntchito zambiri zowongolera zida, kuphatikiza kasinthidwe kachipangizo, kukonza zovuta, zosintha zamapulogalamu, ndi zina zambiri.
Zitsanzo zamagulu: OCP 2.0.1 imayambitsa chitsanzo chosinthika kwambiri chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kufotokoza zipangizo ndi machitidwe ovuta kwambiri opangira. Izi zimathandiza kuti zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri monga V2G (Vehicle to Grid).
Kulipiritsa kwanzeru: OCPP2.0.1 imawonjezera kuthandizira pakulipiritsa mwanzeru, mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yolipirira imatha kusinthidwa mwamphamvu malinga ndi mikhalidwe ya gridi kapena zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.
Chidziwitso cha Wogwiritsa Ntchito ndi Chilolezo: OCPP2.0.1 imapereka njira zodziwikiratu za ogwiritsa ntchito ndi kuvomereza, imathandizira njira zingapo zotsimikizira ogwiritsa ntchito, ndikuyika patsogolo zofunika zapamwamba zoteteza deta ya ogwiritsa ntchito.
III. Chidziwitso cha ntchito ya OCPP
1. Kulipira mwanzeru
External Energy Management System (EMS)
OCPP 2.0.1 imathetsa vutoli poyambitsa njira yodziwitsira yomwe imadziwitsa CSMS (Charging Station Management System) za zoletsa zakunja. Zolowetsa molunjika zomwe zimathandizira kasamalidwe ka mphamvu (EMS) zimatha kuthana ndi zinthu zambiri:
Magalimoto amagetsi olumikizidwa ndi malo ochapira (ndi ISO 15118)
OCPP 2.0.1 imathandizira ISO 15118 -protocol yosinthidwa ya kulumikizana kwa EVSE-to-EV. ISO 15118 plug-and-play charger ndi smart charger (kuphatikiza zolowa kuchokera ku ma EV) ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito OCPP 2.0.1. Yambitsani oyendetsa masiteshoni kuti atumize mauthenga (kuchokera ku CSMS) okhudza malo olipiritsa kuti awonetsedwe kwa madalaivala a EV.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Smart Charging:
(1) Katundu Balancer
Load Balancer imayang'ana kwambiri katundu wamkati wa malo othamangitsira. Malo opangira ndalama aziwongolera mphamvu zolipiritsa za positi iliyonse yolipirira molingana ndi kukonzedweratu. Malo opangira ndalama adzakonzedwa ndi malire okhazikika, monga kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachokera. Kuphatikiza apo, kasinthidweko kumaphatikizansopo zosankha zomwe mungafune kuti muwongolere kugawa kwamagetsi pamasiteshoni othamangitsira payekha. Kusinthaku kumauza malo otchatsira kuti mitengo yolipiritsa yomwe ili pansi pa mtengo wa kasinthidweyi ndi yolakwika ndipo njira zina zolipirira ziyenera kusankhidwa.
(2) Kulipira kwanzeru pakati
Central smart charger imaganiza kuti malire olipira amayendetsedwa ndi dongosolo lapakati, lomwe limawerengera gawo kapena nthawi yonse yolipiritsa pambuyo polandila chidziwitso cha wogwiritsa ntchito gridi yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa gridi, ndipo dongosolo lapakati lidzakhazikitsa malire olipira pamasiteshoni ndikukhazikitsa malire olipira. poyankha mauthenga.
(3) Kulipiritsa kwanzeru
Kulipiritsa kwanzeru m'deralo kumazindikiridwa ndi wolamulira wam'deralo, yemwe ndi wofanana ndi wothandizila wa protocol ya OCPP, yemwe ali ndi udindo wolandila mauthenga kuchokera kudongosolo lapakati ndikuwongolera kachitidwe kolipiritsa kwa malo ena othamangitsira pagulu. Woyang'anira yekha akhoza kukhala ndi malo opangira ndalama kapena ayi. Munjira yolipiritsa mwanzeru, woyang'anira m'deralo amachepetsa mphamvu yolipiritsa ya poyatsira. Pakulipira, mtengo wamalire ukhoza kusinthidwa. Mtengo wochepera wa gulu lolipira ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa kwanuko kapena ndi dongosolo lapakati.
2. Chiyambi Chadongosolo
mwadongosolo chimango
mapulogalamu zomangamanga
Ma module ogwira ntchito mu OCPP2.0.1 protocol makamaka akuphatikizapo Data Transfer module, Authorization module, Security module, Transactions module, Meter Values module, Cost module, Reservation module, Smart Charging module, Diagnostics module, Firmware Management module ndi Display Message module.
IV. Kukula kwamtsogolo kwa OCPP
1. Ubwino wa OCPP
OCPP ndi ndondomeko yaulere ndi yotseguka, komanso ndi njira yabwino yothetsera mgwirizano wamakono wotumizira mulu, ndipo wakhala ukudziwika ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kugwirizana kwamtsogolo pakati pa ntchito za woyendetsa kudzakhala ndi chinenero cholankhulana.
OCPP isanabwere, wopanga ma positi aliyense adapanga njira yakeyake yolumikizirana kumbuyo, motero amatseka omwe amalipira positi kwa wopanga positi imodzi. Tsopano, pafupifupi onse opanga ma hardware akuthandizira OCPP, olipira positi ali ndi ufulu wosankha zida kuchokera kwa wogulitsa aliyense, zomwe zimapangitsa msika kukhala wampikisano.
N'chimodzimodzinso ndi eni katundu/mabizinesi; akagula siteshoni yolipiritsa yomwe si ya OCPP kapena mgwirizano ndi CPO yomwe si ya OCPP, amatsekeredwa pamalo opangira ndalama komanso otumizira positi. Koma ndi zida zolipirira zogwirizana ndi OCPP, eni nyumba amatha kukhala osadalira omwe amawasamalira. Eni ake ali ndi ufulu wosankha CPO yopikisana, yamtengo wapatali, kapena yogwira ntchito bwino. Komanso, amatha kukulitsa maukonde awo posakaniza zida zosiyanasiyana zolipirira positi popanda kusokoneza makhazikitsidwe omwe alipo.
Zachidziwikire, phindu lalikulu la ma EV ndikuti madalaivala a EV safunikira kudalira woyendetsa positi imodzi kapena wopereka EV. Mofanana ndi malo opangira OCPP ogulidwa, madalaivala a EV amatha kusinthana ndi ma CPO/EMPs abwinoko. chachiwiri, koma phindu lofunika kwambiri ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma e-mobility roaming.
2, OCPP ngati kulipiritsa galimoto yamagetsi
(1) OCPP imathandizira EVSE ndi CSMS kulumikizana wina ndi mnzake
(2) Kuloledwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito galimoto yamagetsi kuti ayambe kulipira
(3) Kusintha kwakutali kwa kasinthidwe kochapira, kuwongolera kwakutali (kuyambira / kuyimitsa), mfuti yotsegulira kutali (id yolumikizira)
(4) Nthawi yeniyeni ya siteshoni yolipiritsa (yomwe ilipo, yoyimitsidwa, yoyimitsidwa, EV / EVSE yosavomerezeka), deta yeniyeni yeniyeni, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zenizeni, kulephera kwa EVSE
(5) Kulipira kwanzeru (kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa gridi)
(6) Firmware Management (OTAA)
Linkpower idakhazikitsidwa mu 2018, ndi zaka zopitilira 8 ikufuna kupereka kafukufuku wofunikira komanso chitukuko cha malo opangira ma AC/DC EV, kuphatikiza mapulogalamu, zida, mawonekedwe, ndi zina zambiri.
Ma charger othamanga a AC ndi DC okhala ndi mapulogalamu a OCPP1.6 amaliza kale kuyesa ndi othandizira oposa 100 OCPP nsanja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tikhoza kusintha OCPP1.6J ku OCPP2.0.1 ndipo njira yamalonda ya EVSE ili ndi ma modules a IEC/ISO15118, omwe ndi sitepe yolimba kuti akwaniritse V2G bi-directional charger.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-21-2024