Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za ISO/IEC 15118

Dzina lovomerezeka la ISO 15118 ndi "Magalimoto apamsewu - Magalimoto kupita ku gridi yolumikizirana." Ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwamiyezo yofunika kwambiri komanso yotsimikizira zamtsogolo yomwe ilipo masiku ano.

Makina ochapira anzeru omwe amapangidwa mu ISO 15118 amathandizira kuti agwirizane bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa gridi ndi kufunikira kwa mphamvu pakukula kwa ma EV omwe amalumikizana ndi gridi yamagetsi. ISO 15118 imathandiziranso kusamutsa mphamvu kwapawiri kuti muzindikiregalimoto-to-gridintchito podyetsa mphamvu kuchokera ku EV kubwerera ku gridi pakufunika. ISO 15118 imalola kuti ma EV azitha kuyendetsa bwino ma gridi, otetezeka komanso osavuta.

Mbiri ya ISO 15118

Mu 2010, International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) ndi International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) adagwirizana kuti apange ISO/IEC 15118 Joint Working Group. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, akatswiri ochokera kumakampani opanga magalimoto ndi makampani othandizira adagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apange njira yolumikizirana yapadziko lonse lapansi yolipiritsa ma EV. Joint Working Group yakwanitsa kupanga njira yovomerezeka ndi anthu ambiri yomwe tsopano ndiyomwe ikutsogolera zigawo zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi monga Europe, US, Central/South America, ndi South Korea. ISO 15118 ikuyambanso kutengedwa ku India ndi Australia. Chidziwitso pamawonekedwe: ISO idatenga udindo wosindikiza wa muyezo ndipo tsopano imadziwika kuti ISO 15118 basi.

Galimoto-to-gridi - kuphatikiza ma EV mu gridi

ISO 15118 imathandizira kuphatikiza kwa ma EV mugrid yanzeru(aka galimoto-2-gridi kapenagalimoto-to-gridi). Gridi yanzeru ndi gridi yamagetsi yomwe imalumikiza opanga magetsi, ogula, ndi zida za gridi monga zosinthira kudzera muukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi kulumikizana, monga momwe zikuwonetsera pachithunzichi.

ISO 15118 imalola ma EV ndi malo ojambulira kuti asinthane zambiri kutengera momwe mungayankhirenso (kuyambiranso) ndondomeko yoyenera yolipirira. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti magalimoto amagetsi amagwira ntchito moyenera. Pachifukwa ichi, "grid friendly" amatanthauza kuti chipangizochi chimathandizira kulipiritsa magalimoto angapo nthawi imodzi ndikuletsa grid kuti isachuluke. Mapulogalamu a Smart Charging amawerengera nthawi yolipiritsa pa EV iliyonse pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chomwe chilipo pamtundu wa gridi yamagetsi, kufunikira kwa mphamvu ya EV iliyonse, komanso kuyenda kwa dalaivala aliyense (nthawi yonyamuka ndi mtundu wanji woyendetsa).

Mwanjira iyi, gawo lililonse lolipiritsa lidzafanana bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa gululi ndi kufunikira kwa magetsi pakulipiritsa ma EV nthawi imodzi. Kulipiritsa panthawi yomwe mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zili zambiri komanso/kapena nthawi yomwe magetsi amakhala ochepa ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zogwiritsiridwa ntchito zomwe zitha kuzindikirika ndi ISO 15118.

Kulumikizana kotetezedwa mothandizidwa ndi Pulagi & Charge

Gulu lamagetsi ndilofunika kwambiri lomwe liyenera kutetezedwa ku zowonongeka zomwe zingatheke ndipo dalaivala ayenera kulipidwa moyenera chifukwa cha mphamvu zomwe zinaperekedwa kwa EV. Popanda kulumikizana kotetezeka pakati pa ma EV ndi malo otchatsira, anthu ena oyipa amatha kulowerera ndikusintha mauthenga ndikusokoneza zambiri zamabilu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ISO 15118 imabwera ndi mawonekedwe otchedwaPulagi & Charge. Plug & Charge imagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zachinsinsi kuti muteteze kulumikizanaku ndikutsimikizira chinsinsi, kukhulupirika, ndi kutsimikizika kwa data yonse yomwe yasinthidwa.

Kusavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ngati kiyi kuti muzitha kulipira movutikira

Mtengo wa ISO 15118Pulagi & ChargeMbali imathandizanso kuti EV idzizindikiritse yokha pamalo othamangitsira ndikupeza mwayi wopeza mphamvu yomwe ikufunika kuti iwonjezere batire yake. Izi zonse zimatengera masatifiketi a digito ndi makiyi omwe ali pagulu omwe amapezeka kudzera pa Plug & Charge. Gawo labwino kwambiri? Dalaivala safunikira kuchita china chilichonse kupyola kumangitsa chingwe chochangirira mgalimoto ndi potchajira (panthawi yothamangitsa mawaya) kapena kuyimika pamwamba pa pad pansi (panthawi yochapira opanda zingwe). Mchitidwe wolowetsa kirediti kadi, kutsegula pulogalamu kuti ijambule nambala ya QR, kapena kupeza kuti khadi ya RFID yosavuta kutaya ndi chinthu chakale ndiukadaulowu.

ISO 15118 idzakhudza kwambiri tsogolo la kulipiritsa magalimoto amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha zinthu zitatu izi:

1. Kuthandizira makasitomala omwe amabwera ndi Pulagi & Charge
2. Chitetezo cha data chowonjezereka chomwe chimabwera ndi njira za cryptographic zofotokozedwa mu ISO 15118
3. Kulipiritsa kogwirizana ndi ma gridi

Poganizira mfundo zazikuluzikuluzi, tiyeni tilowe mu mtedza ndi ma bolts a muyezo.

Banja la chikalata cha ISO 15118

Muyezo womwewo, wotchedwa "Magalimoto a Road - Vehicle to grid communication interface", uli ndi magawo asanu ndi atatu. Mzere kapena khwekhwe ndi nambala zimasonyeza mbali yake. ISO 15118-1 imatanthawuza gawo limodzi ndi zina zotero.

Pachithunzi chomwe chili pansipa, mutha kuwona momwe gawo lililonse la ISO 15118 likugwirizanirana ndi gawo limodzi kapena zingapo mwa magawo asanu ndi awiri a kulumikizana omwe amafotokozera momwe chidziwitso chimasankhidwira pamanetiweki wamagetsi. EV ikalumikizidwa pamalo opangira, wolamulira wolumikizirana wa EV (wotchedwa EVCC) ndi wowongolera wolumikizira pa station station (SECC) amakhazikitsa njira yolumikizirana. Cholinga cha netiweki iyi ndikusinthana mameseji ndikuyambitsa nthawi yolipiritsa. Onse a EVCC ndi SECC ayenera kupereka zigawo zisanu ndi ziwirizo (monga zafotokozedwera muzokhazikitsidwa bwino).ISO/OSI kulumikizana stack) kuti athe kukonza zomwe onse amatumiza ndi kulandira. Chigawo chilichonse chimamangirira pa magwiridwe antchito omwe amaperekedwa ndi wosanjikiza wapansi, kuyambira ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito pamwamba mpaka pansi mpaka pathupi.

Mwachitsanzo: Zosanjikiza zolumikizirana ndi data zimafotokoza momwe EV ndi malo ochajila angasinthire mauthenga pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chojambulira (kulumikizana kwamagetsi kudzera pa Home Plug Green PHY modemu monga momwe ISO 15118-3) kapena kulumikizana ndi Wi-Fi ( IEEE 802.11n monga momwe ISO 15118-8) yafotokozera) ngati sing'anga yakuthupi. Ulalo wa data ukakhazikitsidwa bwino, maukonde ndi zoyendera pamwamba zitha kudalira kuti zikhazikitse zomwe zimatchedwa TCP / IP kulumikizana bwino ndi mauthenga ochokera ku EVCC kupita ku SECC (ndi kumbuyo). Chosanjikiza chogwiritsira ntchito pamwamba chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana yokhazikitsidwa kuti isinthe uthenga wokhudzana ndi vuto lililonse, kaya ndi AC charging, DC charger, kapena charger opanda zingwe.

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Pokambirana za ISO 15118 yonse, izi zikuphatikiza milingo yomwe ili mkati mwa mutu umodzi wokulirapo. Miyezo yokha imagawika m'zigawo. Gawo lirilonse limakhala ndi magawo omwe adafotokozedweratu lisanasindikizidwe ngati mulingo wapadziko lonse lapansi (IS). Ichi ndichifukwa chake mutha kupeza zambiri za "mkhalidwe" wa gawo lililonse m'magawo omwe ali pansipa. Mkhalidwewu ukuwonetsa tsiku lofalitsidwa la IS, lomwe ndi gawo lomaliza pa nthawi yama projekiti a ISO.

Tiyeni tilowe mu gawo lililonse lachikalatacho payekha.

Njira ndi nthawi yofalitsa miyezo ya ISO

Chithunzi chomwe chili pamwambapa chikuwonetsa nthawi yokhazikika mu ISO. Ntchitoyi imayambitsidwa ndi New Work Item Proposal (NWIP kapena NP) yomwe imalowa mu siteji ya Komiti Yokonza (CD) pambuyo pa nthawi ya miyezi 12. CD ikangopezeka (kwa akatswiri aukadaulo okhawo omwe ali mamembala a bungwe loyimira), gawo lovota la miyezi itatu limayamba pomwe akatswiriwa atha kupereka ndemanga za mkonzi ndi luso. Gawo la ndemanga likangotha, ndemanga zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zimathetsedwa pamisonkhano yapaintaneti ndi misonkhano yapamaso ndi maso.

Chifukwa cha ntchito yogwirizanayi, Draft for International Standard (DIS) imalembedwa ndikusindikizidwa. Gulu Logwira Ntchito Lophatikizana litha kusankha kulemba CD yachiwiri ngati akatswiri akuwona kuti chikalatacho sichinakonzekere kuwonedwa ngati DIS. DIS ndiye chikalata choyamba kupezeka pagulu ndipo mutha kugulidwa pa intaneti. Gawo lina lopereka ndemanga ndi kuvota lidzachitidwa DIS itatulutsidwa, mofanana ndi ndondomeko ya CD.

Gawo lomaliza lisanafike International Standard (IS) ndi Final Draft for International Standard (FDIS). Iyi ndi gawo losankha lomwe lingadulidwe ngati gulu la akatswiri omwe akugwira ntchito pamlingo uwu akuwona kuti chikalatacho chafika pamlingo wokwanira. FDIS ndi chikalata chomwe sichilola kusintha kwina kwaukadaulo. Choncho, ndemanga za mkonzi zokha ndi zomwe zimaloledwa panthawi ya ndemangayi. Monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, njira yokhazikika ya ISO imatha kuyambira 24 mpaka miyezi 48 yonse.

Pankhani ya ISO 15118-2, muyezowu wakhalapo kwa zaka zinayi ndipo upitilizabe kuyengedwa ngati pakufunika (onani ISO 15118-20). Njirayi imatsimikizira kuti imakhalabe yaposachedwa komanso imagwirizana ndi zochitika zambiri zapadera padziko lonse lapansi.